IndexStyle

A dictionary of design styles, written from the works themselves.

It is plain HTML. It opens on any browser and any device, with no app and no account, and machines read the same page.

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Dictionary

Search by style name or describe what you are making. Name matches come first; purpose, desired effect and medium add relevant alternatives.

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73

Frutiger Aero — Frutiger Aero example (CC0)

Frutiger Aero

フルティガー・エアロ / mid-2000s–early 2010s / Style / Digital Retro

Shows glossy digital technology as an approachable future by tying it to blue sky, water, grass and bubbles. The gloss is the same as Aqua's, but Aqua is the texture of a control and this is the world of the wallpaper and the advert.

Blue sky and grass / Transparent bubbles / Glossy UI / Humanist type

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74

Corporate Memphis — Katharina Brenner, Illustration in the Corporate Memphis style, 2019 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0

Corporate Memphis

コーポレート・メンフィス / mid-2010s– / Style / Illustration Styles

Explains digital services as safe and friendly through simplified figures, geometry and soft color.

Exaggerated body ratios / Flat color / Geometric plants / White grounds

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75

Dreamcore — Dreamcore example (door on a hill and a rainbow) — Wikimedia Commons / CC0

Dreamcore

ドリームコア / late-2010s–2020s / Aesthetic / Internet Aesthetics

Edits nostalgic spaces by the logic of dreams, producing images like memories in which comfort and wrongness sit together.

Hazy suburbs / Clouds and sky / Cryptic captions / Eyes and doors

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76

Weirdcore — Weirdcore example — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Weirdcore

ウィアードコア / 2010s–2020s / Aesthetic / Internet Aesthetics

Layers low-res images, unrelated text and warped symbols until reality's connections feel slightly broken.

Low resolution / Mismatched text / Eyes and faces / Compression noise

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77

Liminal Space — Empty shopping centre (CC BY-SA 4.0) · © JIP

Liminal Space

リミナル・スペース / late-2010s– / Aesthetic / Internet Aesthetics

Photographs transitional spaces empty when people ought to be in them, drawing out déjà vu, loneliness and the sense that time has stopped. The subjects carry their own names in circulation, from the empty indoor pool to the night corridor to the mall after closing.

Empty corridors / Fluorescent light / Dated interiors / Public space after midnight

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78

Seapunk — Seapunk example (CC BY-SA 3.0) · © Ridley369

Seapunk

シーパンク / 2011–2013 / Style / Internet Aesthetics

Mixes ocean CG, turquoise, dolphins and 90s 3D with the music and fashion of the social-media age.

Turquoise / Dolphin CG / Waves and shells / Early 3D

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79

Net.art — Teo Spiller, Capriccess for Netscape — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0

Net.art

ネット・アート / 1990s– / Style / Digital Art

Treats the browser, the link, the transmission error and the network itself as both the material and the site of the work.

Link structures / Browser UI / Errors / Participation and transmission

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80

ASCII Art — Image built from ASCII characters (CC BY 3.0) · © Copperwidth

ASCII Art

アスキーアート / 1960s– / Technique / Lettering

Uses limited characters on a monospace grid as pixels, building image and tone from text alone.

Monospace characters / Character density / Terminal screens / Single color

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81

Pixel Art — Pixel art landscape (CC BY-SA 4.0) · © Fahmirayan

Pixel Art

ピクセルアート / 1970s– / Technique / Digital Image Techniques

Treats the pixel as an honest unit, building clear form from limited resolution and palette.

Visible pixels / Limited palettes / Tiles / Sprites

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82

Low Poly — Low poly 3D model (CC0)

Low Poly

ローポリ / 1990s– / revival / Technique / Digital Art

Leaves the few polygons and hard facet changes visible, using simplicity of form as the expression.

Triangular facets / Angular contours / Flat shading / Few vertices

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83

Polish Poster School — Jan Lenica『Wozzeck』(1964、Culture.plより引用)

Polish Poster School

ポーランド・ポスター派 / 1950s–1980s / Style / Regional Graphics

Rather than explain a film or a play, it turns the assignment into a psychological image built from painting, metaphor and hand-drawn letters.

Symbolic metaphor / Hand-drawn lettering / Rough paint surface / One strong image

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84

Czech Film Poster — Poster for the Czechoslovak film Vtáčkovia, siroty a blázni, 1969 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0 · © Jakubisko Film Europe, SE

Czech Film Poster

チェコ映画ポスター / 1950s–1980s / Style / Regional Graphics

Turns film promotion into independent interpretation through collage, fantastical rendering and experimental letters.

Surreal collage / Drawn letters / Symbols / Transformed photography

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85

The New Typography — Typographic collage by Moholy-Nagy, 1922 (CC BY 3.0) · © Sailko

The New Typography

ニュー・タイポグラフィ / 1920s–1930s / Layout / Experimental Typography

Turned printed matter into rational information structure through asymmetry, sans-serifs, photography and functional hierarchy.

Asymmetry / Sans-serif type / Photography / Functional white space

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86

Superflat — Takashi Murakami, installation in the Hall of Mirrors at Versailles, photo: Dimitry B (CC BY 2.0)

Superflat

スーパーフラット / 2000s– / Style / Japanese Postwar Avant-garde

Juxtaposes anime, manga, advertising and traditional painting on one flat plane, questioning the border of high art and consumer culture.

Extreme flatness / Vivid color / Repeated characters / Commercial culture

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87

Photomontage — グスタフス・クルーツィス《全モスクワが地下鉄を建設する》1934年 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Photomontage

フォトモンタージュ / 1910s– / Technique / Photographic Techniques

Cuts and rejoins photographic fragments, assembling relations and critical meanings that never existed in the original reality.

Cut-out photographs / Mixed scales / Visible seams / Reused print matter

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88

Concrete Poetry — Mallarmé, Un coup de dés jamais n'abolira le hasard, 1897 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Concrete Poetry

具体詩/コンクリート・ポエトリー / 1950s–1970s / Layout / Experimental Typography

Treats the placement, repetition, blank space and sound of words as the poem itself, not only what they mean.

Repeated words / Shapes made of letters / Large blanks / Dismantled reading order

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89

Streamline Moderne — Greyhound Bus Terminal 1938 (CC BY 4.0) · © Bmzuckerman

Streamline Moderne

ストリームライン・モダン / 1930s–1940s / Style / Modern Architecture

Gives even stationary things speed and machine-age optimism through streamlines, horizontals, rounded corners and metal.

Streamlined forms / Horizontal bands / Rounded corners / Chrome

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90

Precisionism — Demuth My Egypt 1927 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Precisionism

プレシジョニズム / 1910s–1940s / Style / American Modern Art

Paints factories, silos, cities and machines reduced to clear contour, simple geometry and smooth planes.

Sharp contours / Industrial landscapes / Geometric simplification / Smooth surfaces

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91

New Vision Photography — Photogram by Moholy-Nagy — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

New Vision Photography

ニュー・ヴィジョン写真 / 1920s–1930s / Style / Photography Movements

Looks for perception only a camera can produce, using views from far above and far below, extreme close-ups and experiments with light.

Steep angles / Close-up / Hard light and shadow / Abstraction

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92

Photogram — Photogram by Moholy-Nagy 1923 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Photogram

フォトグラム / 1830s– / avant-garde revival / Technique / Photographic Techniques

No camera is involved. Objects laid on the sensitive surface and exposed to light turn contour, transparency and distance into the picture.

Cameraless / Object contours / Reversed values / Contact and distance

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93

Solarization — Print showing the Sabattier effect (CC BY-SA 4.0) · © N0TABENE

Solarization

ソラリゼーション / 19th century– / 1920s revival / Technique / Photographic Techniques

Re-exposes the print mid-development, reversing part of the tonal scale into glowing edges and metallic light.

Partial tone reversal / Glowing edges / Metallic feel / Darkroom manipulation

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94

Pictorialism — Steichen The Pond — Moonlight 1904 / Public domain

Pictorialism

ピクトリアリズム / late-1800s–c.1914 / Style / Photography Movements

Presented photography as art equal to painting, through soft focus, staged scenes and handworked prints.

Soft focus / Mist and backlight / Painterly composition / Handcrafted prints

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96

Chronophotography — Muybridge Chronophotography of a galloping horse 1878 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

Chronophotography

連続写真/クロノフォトグラフィ / 1870s–1890s / Technique / Photographic Techniques

Decomposes movement into successive instants, making the structure of time visible in one or a series of photographs.

Multiple exposure / Sequential bodies / Equal intervals / Motion analysis

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Editorial policy

IndexStyle is not a list of every term used around design. An independent entry must describe a visual language that can be recognised, reproduced and distinguished from its neighbours. Editorial standard

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