Chicago School

シカゴ派の商業建築 / 1880s–early 1900s / 风格 / 近现代建筑

芝加哥早期商业高层建筑的语言。大窗和重复楼层与陶土饰面、入口装饰共存,区别于后来的国际主义风格。

Chicago School — Reliance Building, Chicago — photo: Jay Carriker — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 2.5 · © Jay Carriker ( User:JCarriker )
Reliance Building, Chicago — photo: Jay Carriker — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 2.5 · CC BY-SA 2.5 · © Jay Carriker ( User:JCarriker )
Chicago School — Reliance Building — HABS measured floor plans (Library of Congress) — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain
Reliance Building — HABS measured floor plans (Library of Congress) — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain

快速判断

视觉特征

  • 宽大固定窗两侧配窄开启窗
  • 立柱与楼层横带组成网格
  • 凸出窗组和大面积玻璃
  • 浅色陶土及集中于入口的装饰

适用场景

  • Explaining early high-rise architecture through the relationship between windows and structure
  • Organising a commercial front through daylight, repetition and a distinct entrance

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辞典词条

字体
Align signage with entrances and floors rather than covering the facade with a billboard.
版面
Repeat a three-part window unit between continuous vertical piers and floor bands.
材料
Combine broad glass panes, pale ceramic cladding and dark metal, concentrating detail at the street entrance.
注意
Not every glazed grid is Chicago School. Keep the early commercial tradition distinct from the later Second Chicago School and from the Chicago Imagists in painting.
延伸阅读
Reliance Building — Charles B. Atwood / D. H. Burnham & Co. / Marquette Building — Holabird & Roche / Sullivan Center — Louis Sullivan

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