Italian Renaissance Garden vs Palladianism
イタリア式庭園 / パッラーディオ主義
Italian Renaissance Garden comes from Garden Styles and Palladianism from Historical Styles. Both are read here as style. They are reached for with some of the same intent, which is where they get confused.
Italian Renaissance Garden
The Renaissance garden of terraced slopes, stairs, channels and fountains. The hundred fountains of the Villa d'Este are the engineering art of water, with gravity as the design material.
Palladianism
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Palladio distilled proportion, the temple front and strict symmetry from Roman antiquity into a formula for the villa. His Four Books carried it to Britain and America, where it became the archetypal correct face of public architecture.
| Italian Renaissance Garden | Palladianism | |
|---|---|---|
| Era | 15th–17th century | 1550s– / 17th–18th century revival |
| Family | Garden Styles | Historical Styles |
| Kind | Style | Style |
| Cues | Terraced slopes / Water stairs and fountains / Axes and statuary / Designed prospects | Temple-front portico / Strict symmetry / Plans from proportion / Central dome |
| Best used for | Sloping sites used as terraces instead of being cut flat · Outdoor set pieces where water is shown with its sound and movement | The public face of a parliament or a university, standing for permanence · A composition whose stated proportions survive later additions and wings |
| Type | Assign a theme to each terrace, rising in rank as you climb | Roman capitals cut into the frieze and sized to the depth of its band |
| Composition | Cut the slope into terraces with stair and channel on one axis | A central entrance with wings of identical dimension on either side |
| Material | Move water by fall alone, keeping rough stone and its green stain | White stone or render, columns and wall one color, form read from shadow |
| Caution | Fountains get placed as ornament while the head and the flow rate are left for later, so nothing moves and the terraces are only stone. | Sticking columns and a pediment onto the front while the plan behind stays asymmetrical, which reduces the whole style to a facing board. |