Baroque vs Palladianism
バロック / パッラーディオ主義
Both sit in Historical Styles, so the question is not what they belong to but how they behave. Both are read here as style. They are reached for with some of the same intent, which is where they get confused.
Baroque
A total art that draws the viewer in with ovals, curved surfaces, dramatic light and an excess of ornament. Architecture, sculpture, painting and city planning were handled as one staging, turning power and faith into spectacle.
Palladianism
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Palladio distilled proportion, the temple front and strict symmetry from Roman antiquity into a formula for the villa. His Four Books carried it to Britain and America, where it became the archetypal correct face of public architecture.
| Baroque | Palladianism | |
|---|---|---|
| Era | 1600–1750 | 1550s– / 17th–18th century revival |
| Family | Historical Styles | Historical Styles |
| Kind | Style | Style |
| Cues | Ovals and curved surfaces / Dramatic light / Illusionistic ceilings / Architecture fused with sculpture | Temple-front portico / Strict symmetry / Plans from proportion / Central dome |
| Best used for | Theatres and festival spaces designed around the shock of entering · Making a room read taller than it is by pulling the eye upward | The public face of a parliament or a university, standing for permanence · A composition whose stated proportions survive later additions and wings |
| Type | Run lettering along curved surfaces and bands, never as level lines | Roman capitals cut into the frieze and sized to the depth of its band |
| Composition | An oval as the main axis, funneling the eye before releasing it | A central entrance with wings of identical dimension on either side |
| Material | Gold against deep color, hidden side windows carving the relief | White stone or render, columns and wall one color, form read from shadow |
| Caution | Multiplying ornament without designing where the light travels, producing an even excess that is rich and has no climax. | Sticking columns and a pediment onto the front while the plan behind stays asymmetrical, which reduces the whole style to a facing board. |