Art Nouveau vs Cloisonnism
アール・ヌーヴォー / クロワゾニスム
Art Nouveau comes from Historical Styles and Cloisonnism from Fin de Siècle Art. Both are read here as style. They are reached for with some of the same intent, which is where they get confused.
Art Nouveau
Joins letters, figures and ornament into one flowing, plant-like line.
Cloisonnism
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A manner of painting named after the partitions of cloisonné enamel: flat fields of colour enclosed by heavy contour lines. It brought the way of seeing of ukiyo-e prints and stained glass into oil painting, abandoning shaded volume in favour of colour laid down from memory. The technique that prepared the flatness of the poster.
| Art Nouveau | Cloisonnism | |
|---|---|---|
| Era | 1890s–1910s | 1888–1895 |
| Family | Historical Styles | Fin de Siècle Art |
| Kind | Style | Style |
| Cues | Botanical curves / Ornamental frames / Female figures / Muted natural colors | Thick, dark contour lines / Flat colour fields without shading / Decoratively simplified shapes / Colouring drawn from memory |
| Best used for | Speaking of craft and handwork · Leading with beauty and narrative | Work built cell by cell in separate colours, like stained glass or tilework · Drawing a remembered landscape in simple shapes and colour rather than from life |
| Type | Curvilinear serifs or hand lettering | Set lettering outside the cells in black at the keyline weight, hand drawn or slab |
| Composition | Vertical formats, frame compositions, a central figure | Divide the picture into a few large cells, edge to edge, partitioned by heavy lines |
| Material | Dusty greens and gold, line work, paper texture | Flat unmodulated colour from memory inside dark contours, with no shadow or gradient |
| Caution | Stock vine ornaments stay superficial. Carry the line through the whole composition. | Adding heavy outlines afterwards produces no division of colour, only an ordinary picture inside lines. Letting shading or depth back into the cells breaks the enamel like flatness. |