# Renaissance (ルネサンス)

> A movement that rediscovered ancient proportion and the human body and fixed three dimensions on a flat surface through linear perspective. Mathematics became the common language of painting and architecture, and the norms of the next five hundred years, symmetry, the classical orders and the golden ratio, were established here.

- IndexStyle No.493 — https://indexstyle.org/styles/renaissance
- Kind: Style · Family: Historical Styles · Era: 14th–16th century
- Mood: Trust, Luxury, Calm
- Color cues: #e9e6dd / #67635d / #171615 (cues taken from reference works, not a fixed palette)

## Defining characteristics

- One point linear perspective
- The classical orders and symmetry
- Composition based on the proportions of the body
- A clear triangular composition

## Best used for

- Showing authority and balance through proportion itself
- Building an image whose depth is constructed geometrically

## Composition recipe

- Typography & lettering: Set Roman capitals in the proportions of inscriptions.
- Layout & structure: Steady figures and elements on a central axis and a triangle.
- Material & texture: Move from tempera to oil and build up transparent layers.

## What to avoid

Pasting on columns and symmetry gives you stage scenery. Decide one basis for the proportions and carry it through the whole.

## Application checklist

Before calling a piece an application of this style, check it against the defining characteristics:

- [ ] One point linear perspective
- [ ] The classical orders and symmetry
- [ ] Composition based on the proportions of the body
- [ ] A clear triangular composition
- [ ] At least one reference work below has been studied directly
- [ ] The caution above ("What to avoid") has been addressed

## Related styles

- **Baroque (バロック)** — A total art that draws the viewer in with ovals, curved surfaces, dramatic light and an excess of ornament. Architecture, sculpture, painting and city planning were handled as one staging, turning power and faith into spectacle. → https://indexstyle.org/styles/baroque
- **Neoclassicism (新古典主義)** — A movement that turned back to ancient simplicity, prompted by the excavations at Pompeii and reacting against the decorative excess of Rococo. Contours are hard, color is held down, and the subjects preach civic virtue. States of the revolutionary period chose this style as their own face. → https://indexstyle.org/styles/neoclassicism

## Further study

- Brunelleschi's experiments with perspective
- Alberti's On Painting
- The surveying of ancient buildings and the systematizing of the orders

## Reference works

- マザッチオ《聖三位一体》1425〜1428年 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Masaccio%20trinity.jpg
- ラファエロ・サンツィオ《アテナイの学堂》1511年 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%22The%20School%20of%20Athens%22%20by%20Raffaello%20Sanzio%20da%20Urbino.jpg
- ドナト・ブラマンテ《テンピエット》1502年頃（撮影 Labicanense）— Wikimedia Commons / CC BY 4.0 — https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Tempietto%20di%20San%20Pietro%20in%20Montorio.jpg

## Source of record

- Tate — Art Terms: Renaissance — https://www.tate.org.uk/art/art-terms/r/renaissance

## Machine surfaces

- JSON: https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/renaissance
- Image-generation prompt (legally clean): https://indexstyle.org/styles/renaissance/prompt.txt
- MCP: https://indexstyle.org/mcp (tools: search_styles, get_style, compose_styles; prompts: image-prompt, apply-style)

## 日本語

古代の比例と人体を再発見し、線遠近法で三次元を平面に定着させた運動。数学が絵画と建築の共通言語になり、対称・柱式・黄金比といった以後五百年の規範がここで確立した。

特徴: 一点透視の線遠近法／古典柱式と対称／人体の比例に基づく構成／明快な三角構図
注意: 柱と対称を貼るだけでは書き割りになる。比例の根拠を一つ決めて全体へ通す。