Landscape Painting
Landscape traditions separated by whether land, weather and light are organized as everyday observation, spiritual sublimity or a national image.
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- Hudson River School 1820s–1870s / Style
A nineteenth-century American landscape language that joined mountains, rivers, and forests to national grandeur, spirituality, and expansion through immense distance, precise detail, and theatrical light.
- Barbizon School 1830s–1870s / Style
French landscape painting built from direct observation around Fontainebleau, treating trees, marsh, fields, livestock, weather, and labor as the subject rather than the background to a historical story.
- Group of Seven 1920–1933 / Style
A Canadian group that simplified northern trees, exposed rock, lakes, and clouds into broad contours and non-natural color, enlarging fast outdoor oil sketches into national landscape statements.