{"id":"unism","no":438,"name":"Unism","ja":"ユニスム","era":"1923–1936","family":"幾何学抽象","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 23","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Monoskop — Władysław Strzemiński","url":"https://monoskop.org/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Strzemi%C5%84ski"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://monoskop.org/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw_Strzemi%C5%84ski","credit":"Monoskop — Władysław Strzemiński","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Strzemi%C5%84ski%20-%20Kompozycja%20abstrakcyjna%20(1933).jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Strzemi%C5%84ski%20-%20Kompozycja%20abstrakcyjna%20(1933).jpg","credit":"Władysław Strzemiński《抽象コンポジション》1933 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Strzemi%C5%84ski%20-%20Pejza%C5%BC%20morski%20(1933).jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:W%C5%82adys%C5%82aw%20Strzemi%C5%84ski%20-%20Pejza%C5%BC%20morski%20(1933).jpg","credit":"Władysław Strzemiński《海の風景》1933 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"essence":"画面に対比も中心も置かず、全体を一つの均質な有機体として成立させよと説いたポーランドの理論。図と地の階層を消し、色面が縁まで等価に連続する。均質なグリッドと全面構成の理論的な祖先にあたる。","cues":["中心と対比の排除","縁まで等価に連続する色面","図と地の階層の消去","微差で構成される全面"],"intents":["静けさ","信頼"],"works":["美術館や研究機関の恒久サインで、主張を抑えた面を全館に通したいとき","壁紙や布の柄の体系を、焦点も継ぎ目も作らない全面として組みたいとき"],"recipe":{"type":"字面の濃さを地と揃え、見出しも本文も同じ調子にする","layout":"中心も焦点も作らず、縁まで同じ密度で満たす","material":"近い明度の色を数段だけ使い、対比を作らない"},"avoid":"均質さを保てず一箇所だけ強い要素を置くと、そこが図になって全面が背景に落ち、理論の前提が崩れる。","colors":["#e7e3cd","#eeb69a","#396c84"],"motif":"graphic","pair":["suprematism","de-stijl"],"study":["ストシェミンスキのユニスム理論","カトジナ・コブロの空間彫刻","ウッチ美術館のコレクション"],"en":{"essence":"A Polish theory holding that a picture should contain neither contrast nor centre, existing instead as a single homogeneous organism. The hierarchy of figure and ground is erased, and the colour surface continues with equal weight to the very edge. The theoretical ancestor of the uniform grid and all-over composition.","cues":["Elimination of centre and contrast","Colour surfaces continuing equally to the edge","Erasure of the figure-ground hierarchy","All-over fields built from minute differences"],"works":["Permanent signage for museums and institutes, where one unemphatic surface must run through the whole building","Wallpaper, textile and pattern systems built as an even field with no focal point and no seam"],"recipe":{"type":"A single weight of a neutral sans, evenly set—typography as texture, not accent","layout":"An edge-to-edge field with no centre; rhythm from minute modular variation only","material":"Close-valued hues in matte, even surfaces—differences of a few steps at most"},"avoid":"Avoid introducing any focal accent; one emphasised element restores the hierarchy Unism exists to abolish.","study":["Strzemiński's theory of Unism","Katarzyna Kobro's spatial sculpture","The collection of the Muzeum Sztuki in Łódź"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/unism","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/unism","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/unism/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/unism/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}