{"id":"talavera-poblana","no":515,"name":"Talavera Poblana","ja":"タラベラ・ポブラーナ","era":"16th century–","family":"陶磁の様式","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 26","addedAt":"2026-08-19","source":{"title":"UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage — Artisanal talavera of Puebla and Tlaxcala (Mexico) and ceramics of Talavera de la Reina and El Puente del Arzobispo (Spain) making process","url":"https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/artisanal-talavera-of-puebla-and-tlaxcala-mexico-and-ceramics-of-talavera-de-la-reina-and-el-puente-del-arzobispo-spain-making-process-01462"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://ich.unesco.org/en/RL/artisanal-talavera-of-puebla-and-tlaxcala-mexico-and-ceramics-of-talavera-de-la-reina-and-el-puente-del-arzobispo-spain-making-process-01462","credit":"UNESCO Intangible Cultural Heritage — Artisanal talavera of Puebla and Tlaxcala (Mexico) and ceramics of Talavera de la Reina and El Puente del Arzobispo (Spain) making process","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/18thTalaveraMayer.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:18thTalaveraMayer.jpg","credit":"《タラベラの壺》18世紀 フランツ・マイヤー美術館 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ColonialTalaveraPlateFmayer.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ColonialTalaveraPlateFmayer.jpg","credit":"《植民地期のタラベラの鉢》フランツ・マイヤー美術館 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 3.0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ChinaPoblanaPlaque.JPG?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ChinaPoblanaPlaque.JPG","credit":"《チーナ・ポブラーナの家のタラベラ・タイル銘板》プエブラ — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0"}]},"essence":"スペインの錫釉陶がプエブラで作り替えられた焼き物で、乳白色の釉を厚く掛けた上から絵付けする。太平洋を渡ってきた中国磁器の藍一色の構図を借り、双頭の鷲やケツァールという土地の図像を混ぜた点が、元になったマヨリカと違う。","cues":["厚い乳白色の釉が器全体を覆い、縁や高台際に釉だまりの段ができる","藍一色で描かれた区画割りの文様が、口縁を細かく分けて一周する","中国風の花や岩の間に、双頭の鷲やケツァールのような土地の図像が一つ入る","タイルは同じ絵柄を並べて壁面を面ごと覆い、一枚ずつ筆の抑揚が違う"],"intents":["信頼","高揚","懐かしさ"],"works":["厨房や外壁を、同じ絵柄のタイルで面ごと覆いたいとき","藍と白の二色を基本に、地域の図像を一つだけ混ぜた器をつくるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"文字を入れるなら器の縁を一周させ、絵付けと同じ藍と同じ筆で書く。工房ごとの手書きのままにして、活字のように揃えない。","layout":"口縁に細かい区画の帯、中央に主図という同心の組み方。余白は取るのではなく、白釉の白そのものが余白になる。","material":"土を寝かせて轆轤か型で成形し、素焼きしてから錫を含む白い釉を厚く掛ける。乾いた釉の粉の上にコバルトで直接描き、本焼きで釉と絵を一度に定着させる。"},"avoid":"筆致を均一に揃えると、厚い釉の上を筆が滑る抑揚が消えて、転写した絵に見える。","colors":["#F4EFE4","#23458C","#D9A425"],"motif":"graphic","pair":["azulejo","delftware"],"study":["Getty AAT の Talavera (300379981) が定義に置く『乳白色の基礎釉』という語","ユネスコが2019年に登録した工程の記述（土の準備、成形、絵付け、釉と顔料の調合、窯の管理）","V&A 所蔵のプエブラ壺 (O162382) と大鉢 (O162356) に見る中国磁器の構図の借り方"],"en":{"essence":"Talavera is the tin-glazed earthenware that Spanish potters' technique became in and around Puebla, painted over a thick milky white glaze. Local potters borrowed the blue-and-white schemes of Chinese porcelain that crossed the Pacific and passed through the city, then mixed in local figures such as the quetzal and the double-headed eagle. That crossing is what separates it from the Spanish maiolica it started from.","cues":["A thick milky white glaze covers the whole piece and pools into a visible step at rim and foot","Compartmented borders painted in a single blue run all the way around the rim","Among Chinese style flowers and rocks sits one local figure, such as a quetzal or a crowned double-headed eagle","Tiles repeat one design across a whole wall, and no two carry the same brush pressure"],"works":["When a kitchen or a facade should be covered surface by surface in one repeating tile","When a piece stays blue and white but needs exactly one local figure inside it"],"recipe":{"type":"If words are needed, run them once around the rim in the same blue and the same brush as the painting. Keep each workshop's hand rather than regularising it into type.","layout":"Work concentrically: a band of small compartments at the rim, one main figure at the centre. The white of the glaze is the empty space, so none has to be carved out.","material":"Age the clay, throw or mould the form, biscuit fire it, then lay on a thick white glaze containing tin. Paint straight onto the dry powdery glaze with cobalt, and fire once more so glaze and painting set together."},"avoid":"Regularise the brushwork and you lose the drag of a brush over thick glaze, so the painting starts to look printed on.","study":["the phrase milky white base glaze that the Getty AAT places in its definition of Talavera (300379981)","the description of the process in the 2019 UNESCO inscription, clay preparation, forming, painting, compounding of glaze and pigment, and control of the kiln","how Chinese porcelain compositions are borrowed on the Puebla jar (O162382) and large basin (O162356) in the V&A"]}}