{"id":"shaker-design","no":250,"name":"Shaker Design","ja":"シェーカー・デザイン","era":"1780s–1900s","family":"家具とインテリア","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 12","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Shaker Museum","url":"https://www.shakermuseum.us/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.shakermuseum.us/","credit":"Shaker Museum","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Interior%20of%20the%201826%20round%20stone%20barn%20at%20Hancock%20Shaker%20Village%20in%20Hancock%2C%20Massachusetts%2C%20established%20in%201791%2C%20by%20Carol%20M.%20Highsmith%2C%202019%2C%20from%20the%20Library%20of%20Congress%20-%20master-pnp-highsm-57800-57888a.tif?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Interior%20of%20the%201826%20round%20stone%20barn%20at%20Hancock%20Shaker%20Village%20in%20Hancock%2C%20Massachusetts%2C%20established%20in%201791%2C%20by%20Carol%20M.%20Highsmith%2C%202019%2C%20from%20the%20Library%20of%20Congress%20-%20master-pnp-highsm-57800-57888a.tif","credit":"ハンコック・シェーカー村の円形石造納屋（CC0）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/June%201962%20INTERIOR%20OF%20ELDERS'%20ROOM%2C%20SHOWING%20SHAKER%20FURNITURE%20AND%20STOVE%20-%20Shaker%20Church%20Family%20Main%20Dwelling%20House%2C%20U.S.%20Route%2020%2C%20Hancock%2C%20Berkshire%20County%2C%20MA%20HABS%20MASS%2C2-HANC%2C4-32.tif?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:June%201962%20INTERIOR%20OF%20ELDERS'%20ROOM%2C%20SHOWING%20SHAKER%20FURNITURE%20AND%20STOVE%20-%20Shaker%20Church%20Family%20Main%20Dwelling%20House%2C%20U.S.%20Route%2020%2C%20Hancock%2C%20Berkshire%20County%2C%20MA%20HABS%20MASS%2C2-HANC%2C4-32.tif","credit":"シェーカー長老室の内部（HABS 1962）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Shaker%20furniture1.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Shaker%20furniture1.jpg","credit":"シェーカー家具"}]},"essence":"米国の宗教共同体シェーカー教徒が信仰として実践した簡素の造形。装飾を排し、用途と誠実な工作だけで到達した家具と室内は、後の機能主義と北欧デザインの先駆になった。","cues":["装飾の完全な排除","ペグレールの壁面","軽く正確な家具","労働としての完成度"],"intents":["静けさ","信頼","親密"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"architecture","pair":["minimalism","arts-and-crafts"],"study":["「美は有用性に宿る」の教義","デンマーク家具への影響","ジョージ・ネルソンの再評価"],"en":{"essence":"The plainness practiced as faith by the American Shaker communities: ornament renounced, furniture and rooms perfected through use and honest workmanship — a forerunner of functionalism and Scandinavian design.","cues":["Ornament fully renounced","Peg-rail walls","Light, precise furniture","Perfection as labor"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["the doctrine that beauty rests in utility","its influence on Danish furniture","George Nelson's reappraisal"]}}