{"id":"portolan-chart","no":372,"name":"Portolan Chart","ja":"ポルトラーノ海図","era":"13th–17th century","family":"図解表現","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 18","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Osher Map Library","url":"https://oshermaps.org/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://oshermaps.org/","credit":"Osher Map Library","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/16th%20century%20Portolan%20chart%20of%20the%20Mediterranean%20Sea%20by%20Nicolas%20Bourdopolos.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:16th%20century%20Portolan%20chart%20of%20the%20Mediterranean%20Sea%20by%20Nicolas%20Bourdopolos.jpg","credit":"地中海のポルトラーノ海図 16世紀"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/16th%20century%20Portolan%20chart%20of%20the%20Aegean%20Sea%20by%20Gaspar%20Luis%20Viegas.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:16th%20century%20Portolan%20chart%20of%20the%20Aegean%20Sea%20by%20Gaspar%20Luis%20Viegas.jpg","credit":"エーゲ海のポルトラーノ海図"}]},"essence":"羅針線が放射状に走る中世の実用海図。羊皮紙に海岸線と地名だけを精密に連ね、装飾の旗と怪物が余白を飾る——実用と装飾が未分化だった地図の原風景。","cues":["放射する羅針線","海岸線への地名の直交列","羊皮紙の地","旗と怪物の装飾"],"intents":["信頼","懐かしさ","高揚"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"ephemera","pair":["celestial-atlas","panoramic-map"],"study":["カタルーニャ図の系譜","羅針線の構造","国家機密としての海図"],"en":{"essence":"The medieval working sea chart crossed by radiating rhumb lines: coastlines and place names in precise sequence on vellum, flags and monsters in the margins — cartography before use and ornament divided.","cues":["Radiating rhumb lines","Names perpendicular to coasts","The vellum ground","Flags and monsters as ornament"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["the Catalan Atlas lineage","the structure of rhumb lines","charts as state secrets"]}}