{"id":"pictorialism","no":112,"name":"Pictorialism","ja":"ピクトリアリズム","era":"late-1800s–c.1914","family":"写真運動","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 05","addedAt":"2026-08-17","source":{"title":"MoMA — Pictorialism","url":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/pictorialism"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/pictorialism","credit":"MoMA — Pictorialism","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ThePondMoonlight.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:ThePondMoonlight.jpg","credit":"スタイケン『池 — 月光』1904"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Nu%20drap%C3%A9%20voile%20bleu%20cropped%20R.%20Demachy%20ca%201907-15.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Nu%20drap%C3%A9%20voile%20bleu%20cropped%20R.%20Demachy%20ca%201907-15.jpg","credit":"ドゥマシー 1907–15頃"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Steichen%20flatiron.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Steichen%20flatiron.jpg","credit":"スタイケン『フラットアイアン』1904"}]},"essence":"柔らかな焦点、演出された場面、手作業の印画によって、写真を絵画と同等の芸術として提示した。","cues":["ソフトフォーカス","霧と逆光","絵画的構図","手仕事の印画"],"intents":["親密","高級","静けさ"],"works":["歴史的な作例と成立条件を比較する","現代の媒体へ移す際に残す原理を見極める"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字と画面構成を観察する","layout":"視線を導く主要原理を一つ抽出する","material":"技法固有の素材・工程・支持体を確認する"},"avoid":"見た目の記号だけでなく、成立した媒体・技法・社会的文脈まで確認する。","colors":["#d6c7aa","#897562","#3d342c"],"motif":"photo","pair":["victorian-ornament","art-nouveau"],"study":["Alfred Stieglitz","Edward Steichen","Clarence H. White"],"en":{"essence":"Presented photography as art equal to painting, through soft focus, staged scenes and handworked prints.","cues":["Soft focus","Mist and backlight","Painterly composition","Handcrafted prints"],"works":["Comparing historical works and their conditions","Deciding which principles survive translation to today's media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the type and composition of reference works","layout":"Extract the one principle that steers the eye","material":"Verify the technique's own materials, process and support"},"avoid":"Check not only the look but the medium, technique and social context in which it formed.","study":["Alfred Stieglitz","Edward Steichen","Clarence H. White"]}}