{"id":"phulkari","no":748,"name":"Phulkari","ja":"プルカリ刺繍","era":"living tradition / surviving 19th-century works","family":"染織の伝統","kind":"技法","source":{"title":"Philadelphia Museum of Art — Phulkari: The Embroidered Textiles of Punjab","url":"https://press.philamuseum.org/phulkari-the-embroidered-textiles-of-punjab-from-the-jill-and-sheldon-bonovitz-collection/"},"essence":"現在のインド北部とパキスタン東部にまたがるパンジャーブで、粗い綿布に艶のある絹糸で模様を作る刺繍の伝統。繰り返す幾何学模様と、糸の向きによって変わる光が布を覆う。地を密に覆うbaghや、暮らしの場面を描くものなど幅があり、婚礼や家族の記憶との結び付きを持つ。","cues":["赤土色などの粗い綿地と、鮮やかな絹糸の対比","黄やピンクの幾何学模様を面として反復する","刺す方向の違いで光沢と色の見え方を変える","疎らな模様から、地布をほぼ覆うbaghまで密度が変わる"],"intents":["高揚","親密"],"pair":["kantha","kente"],"study":["Philadelphia Museum of Art — pre-Partition phulkari","Bagh, chope and sainchi examples","V&A — Phulkari and floss-silk embroidery"],"works":["パンジャーブの染織を扱う展示で、地域、家族、儀礼と模様の関係を伝えるとき","作り手と協働する布や衣服の企画で、糸の方向と模様の密度を意匠の中心にするとき"],"recipe":{"type":"刺繍の模様と区別した小さなラベルに、地域名、技法、作り手を記す。","layout":"地布を見せる部分と刺繍で埋める部分を先に分け、糸の向きが作る明暗を繰り返す。","material":"粗い綿の地に艶のある色糸を合わせ、色面を平らな印刷ではなく糸の反射で見せる。"},"avoid":"花という語の意味から花柄だけの刺繍と決めない。インドとパキスタンにまたがる地域史を残し、baghを別の無関係な様式として水増ししない。","colors":["#95452E","#E5B945","#B64065"],"motif":"textile","collection":"Dictionary expansion 48","addedAt":"2026-10-05","reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://press.philamuseum.org/phulkari-the-embroidered-textiles-of-punjab-from-the-jill-and-sheldon-bonovitz-collection/","credit":"Philadelphia Museum of Art — Phulkari: The Embroidered Textiles of Punjab","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Embroidery%20on%20a%20shawl%20from%20Punjab%2001.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Embroidery%20on%20a%20shawl%20from%20Punjab%2001.jpg","credit":"Punjab embroidered shawl — photo: Kritzolina — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Embroidery%20on%20a%20shawl%20from%20Punjab%2006.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Embroidery%20on%20a%20shawl%20from%20Punjab%2006.jpg","credit":"Punjab embroidered shawl, front and reverse — photo: Kritzolina — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0"}]},"en":{"essence":"Punjab's embroidery tradition joining lustrous silk with coarse cotton. Repeated geometric fields and changes in stitch direction make light move across the cloth. Its range includes densely covered bagh and figurative scenes, with strong relationships to marriage, family memory and the region across today's India–Pakistan border.","cues":["Bright silk against coarse earth-coloured cotton","Repeated geometric fields in yellow or pink","Changes of thread direction altering reflected light","Coverage ranging from scattered motifs to dense bagh"],"works":["Explaining the relationship between region, family and embroidered form","Collaborating on cloth or garments whose design centres on thread direction and coverage"],"recipe":{"type":"Separate a small label for region, technique and maker from the stitched pattern.","layout":"Decide where ground remains visible and where stitches cover it; repeat changes in thread direction.","material":"Combine rough cotton with lustrous threads and use their reflection rather than a printed flat colour to build the surface."},"avoid":"The name's association with flowers does not limit it to floral embroidery. Retain Punjab's cross-border history and treat bagh as a form within the tradition rather than an unrelated extra style.","study":["Philadelphia Museum of Art — pre-Partition phulkari","Bagh, chope and sainchi examples","V&A — Phulkari and floss-silk embroidery"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/phulkari","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/phulkari","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/phulkari/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/phulkari/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}