{"id":"panorama","no":236,"name":"Panorama","ja":"パノラマ館","era":"1787–1900s","family":"展示デザイン","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 13","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Panorama Mesdag","url":"https://www.panorama-mesdag.nl/en/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.panorama-mesdag.nl/en/","credit":"Panorama Mesdag","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Panorama%20Mesdag%2C%20Den%20Haag%2001.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Panorama%20Mesdag%2C%20Den%20Haag%2001.jpg","credit":"パノラマ・メスダフ 1881（CC BY-SA 4.0）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Panorama%20Mesdag%20The%20Hague%204.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Panorama%20Mesdag%20The%20Hague%204.jpg","credit":"メスダフの観覧台（CC BY-SA 4.0）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Bourbaki-Panorama%20interior-3.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Bourbaki-Panorama%20interior-3.jpg","credit":"ブルバキ・パノラマ（ルツェルン）中央観覧台 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0"}]},"essence":"円形の建物の内壁全周に描いた巨大絵画で観客を風景の中心に置く19世紀の没入装置。照明と実物の前景で絵との境界を消し、映画以前の大衆視覚娯楽の頂点になった。","cues":["360度の絵画","中央の観覧台","境界を消す前景","管理された自然光"],"intents":["高揚","懐かしさ","静けさ"],"works":["観客を風景の内側に立たせ、全周で一つの場面を体験させるとき","歴史的な出来事の規模そのものを、視野の広さで実感させるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"文字は場内に出さず、入口の導入と出口の解説に分ける","layout":"中央に観覧台を置き、上下の視界を庇と手すりで切る","material":"円筒の画面に前景の実物を継ぎ、光は上から間接で入れる"},"avoid":"継ぎ目の隠しと視点高さを詰めないまま全周に描くと、どこかで絵と気づかれ、没入が一度で壊れる","colors":["#d6edef","#c9c3a9","#574536"],"motif":"display","pair":["habitat-diorama","white-cube"],"study":["ロバート・バーカーの特許 1787","メスダフのハーグ","没入型デジタル展示への再来"],"en":{"essence":"A giant painting covering the entire inner wall of a rotunda placed the audience at the center of the landscape. Lighting and real objects in the foreground erased the edge of the picture, and this 19th-century immersion machine became the summit of mass visual entertainment before cinema.","cues":["A 360-degree painting","The central viewing platform","Foregrounds that erase the boundary","Controlled natural light"],"works":["Standing an audience inside a landscape to experience one scene all around","Letting the scale of a historical event register through width of view"],"recipe":{"type":"No lettering inside, splitting text between an entrance intro and exit panel","layout":"A central platform, the view cropped above and below by canopy and rail","material":"Real objects joined to the cylindrical painting, light entering indirectly above"},"avoid":"Painting the full circle without resolving seams and eye height lets the viewer catch the picture somewhere, and the immersion breaks for good.","study":["Robert Barker's 1787 patent","Mesdag's The Hague","its return in immersive digital exhibitions"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/panorama","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/panorama","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/panorama/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/panorama/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}