{"id":"nianhua","no":272,"name":"Nianhua","ja":"年画","era":"Song dynasty–","family":"民衆版画","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 15","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"chineseposters.net — New Year Prints","url":"https://chineseposters.net/themes/new-year-prints"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://chineseposters.net/themes/new-year-prints","credit":"chineseposters.net — New Year Prints","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/New%20Year%20Picture%20of%20Military%20Door%20God%20MET%20DP-17326-004.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New%20Year%20Picture%20of%20Military%20Door%20God%20MET%20DP-17326-004.jpg","credit":"武門神の年画（CC0）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/New%20Year%20Picture%20of%20Military%20Door%20God%20MET%20DP-17326-007.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:New%20Year%20Picture%20of%20Military%20Door%20God%20MET%20DP-17326-007.jpg","credit":"門神の対（CC0）"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Mianzhu%20Dancing%20beauty%20with%20a%20swallow.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Mianzhu%20Dancing%20beauty%20with%20a%20swallow.jpg","credit":"綿竹年画 燕を持つ舞姫 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"essence":"中国の正月に門や室内へ貼る木版画。門神・福の神・戯曲場面を鮮やかな色で刷り、楊柳青や桃花塢などの産地様式が数百年の視覚言語を形成。社会主義ポスターの図像的な母体にもなった。","cues":["門神の対幅","飽和した吉祥色","産地ごとの様式","毎年貼り替える消耗性"],"intents":["高揚","親密","懐かしさ"],"works":["旧正月の店頭装飾を、毎年貼り替える前提の消耗品として作るとき","門や入口に対で置く図像を、守りの意味ごと設計するとき"],"recipe":{"type":"吉祥句を朱地に太く彫り、絵の上下に帯として置く","layout":"左右対称の対幅で組み、中央の人物を正面向きに据える","material":"版木ごとに色を分け、紅と黄と緑を紙が沈むまで飽和させる"},"avoid":"額装して保存する作品として扱うと、毎年貼り替える消耗性が失われ、図像の効き目まで死ぬ","colors":["#e4d4b3","#b65752","#29454e"],"motif":"world","pair":["dong-ho","chinese-propaganda-poster"],"study":["楊柳青と桃花塢","門神の図像学","新年画運動への接続"],"en":{"essence":"At the Chinese New Year these woodblock prints go up on doors and interior walls. Door gods, wealth gods and opera scenes in vivid color, with regional styles such as Yangliuqing and Taohuawu, built a visual language centuries deep that later supplied socialist posters with their iconography.","cues":["Paired door gods","Saturated auspicious color","Regional workshop styles","Ephemeral, replaced yearly"],"works":["Lunar New Year shop displays made as consumables replaced every year","Paired images for doors and entrances designed with their protective meaning"],"recipe":{"type":"Auspicious phrases cut bold on red and banded above and below","layout":"Build symmetrical pairs with the central figure facing straight out","material":"One block per color, reds, yellows and greens pushed to saturation"},"avoid":"Treating them as framed works to preserve destroys the yearly replacement that defines them, and the images stop doing their job.","study":["Yangliuqing and Taohuawu","the iconography of door gods","the New Nianhua movement"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nianhua","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/nianhua","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nianhua/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nianhua/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}