{"id":"neume-notation","no":419,"name":"Neume Notation","ja":"ネウマ譜","era":"9th century–","family":"記譜の様式","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 21","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Solesmes","url":"https://www.solesmes.com/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.solesmes.com/","credit":"Abbaye Saint-Pierre de Solesmes","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Te%20Deum%20(Gregorian).png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Te%20Deum%20(Gregorian).png","credit":"グレゴリオ聖歌のネウマ譜"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ave%20maria%20gregorian%20chant.gif?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ave%20maria%20gregorian%20chant.gif","credit":"『アヴェ・マリア』の聖歌譜（CC BY-SA 4.0）"}]},"essence":"歌の抑揚を手の動きのような曲線で記した、西洋最古の楽譜。音の高さを線で固定する以前の「旋律のジェスチャー」が、グレゴリオ聖歌の写本にいまも残る。","cues":["旋律のジェスチャー曲線","四線譜と四角い音符","写本の朱と黒","歌詞の上に浮かぶ記号"],"intents":["静けさ","懐かしさ","信頼"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"notation","pair":["staff-notation","illuminated-manuscript"],"study":["ザンクト・ガレン写本","ソレム唱法の復元","ネウマから角符へ"],"en":{"essence":"The West's oldest musical writing: melodic inflection recorded in curves like the motion of a hand. The gesture of melody before pitch was fixed to lines, still alive in the manuscripts of Gregorian chant.","cues":["Curves as melodic gesture","Four-line staves and square notes","Manuscript red and black","Signs floating above the words"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["the St. Gall manuscripts","the Solesmes restoration","from neumes to square notation"]}}