{"id":"natural-history-plate","no":338,"name":"Natural History Plate","ja":"博物図譜","era":"18th–19th century","family":"博物図譜","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 18","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Smithsonian Libraries — Kunstformen der Natur","url":"https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/kunstformendern00haec"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://library.si.edu/digital-library/book/kunstformendern00haec","credit":"Smithsonian Libraries — Kunstformen der Natur","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Haeckel%20Discomedusae%208.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Haeckel%20Discomedusae%208.jpg","credit":"ヘッケル『生物の驚異的な形』クラゲ — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Haeckel%20Actiniae.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Haeckel%20Actiniae.jpg","credit":"同 イソギンチャク — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cedar%20Bird%20(Audubon).jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cedar%20Bird%20(Audubon).jpg","credit":"ジョン・ジェームズ・オーデュボン《Cedar Bird》『アメリカの鳥類』 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"essence":"未知の生物を分類と驚異の両方で見せた博物学の図版の総称で、対象を植物に絞った植物図譜はその一分野にあたる。ヘッケル『生物の驚異的な形』の対称構成は、科学図譜がアール・ヌーヴォーの形態言語へ流れ込む結節点になった。","cues":["対称的な標本配置","分類学的な網羅","精密と装飾の同居","図版番号の体系"],"intents":["高揚","静けさ","技術"],"works":["収蔵品や品種の数の多さを、驚きとして見せる図版","装飾に転用できる形態を、標本から集めて整理するとき"],"recipe":{"type":"図版番号を隅に、種名は欄外の一覧に置いて図面を汚さない","layout":"一枚に複数個体を対称に配し、中心へ最大の個体を据える","material":"多色石版か手彩色の銅版。地は無地とし、影を置かない"},"avoid":"珍しい形を並べる快楽が先に立ち、縮尺と分類の順序が崩れて、資料として使えなくなる。","colors":["#f3e3c4","#a04d2e","#433419"],"motif":"ephemera","pair":["botanical-illustration","art-nouveau"],"study":["ヘッケル","オーデュボン『アメリカの鳥類』","ルネ・ビネのアール・ヌーヴォー建築への影響"],"en":{"essence":"The name for the naturalist's plates that showed unknown life as both taxonomy and wonder, with botanical illustration sitting under it as the branch that narrowed to plants. The symmetrical compositions of Haeckel's Kunstformen der Natur became the junction where science plates flowed into Art Nouveau's language of form.","cues":["Symmetrical specimen layouts","Taxonomic completeness","Precision beside ornament","Systematic plate numbering"],"works":["Plates presenting the sheer number of specimens or varieties as wonder","Gathering forms from specimens when they will be reused as ornament"],"recipe":{"type":"Plate number in a corner, species names in a key clear of the image","layout":"Several specimens arranged symmetrically, the largest at the center","material":"Chromolithography or hand-colored copperplate, plain ground, no shadow"},"avoid":"Enjoying the parade of strange forms first breaks the scale and the taxonomic order, and the plate becomes useless as a record.","study":["Haeckel","Audubon's Birds of America","René Binet's Art Nouveau architecture"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/natural-history-plate","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/natural-history-plate","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/natural-history-plate/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/natural-history-plate/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}