{"id":"nanga","no":759,"name":"Nanga / Bunjinga","ja":"南画・文人画（日本）","era":"18th–19th centuries","family":"東アジア絵画","kind":"スタイル","source":{"title":"Ashmolean Museum — The widespread Nanga movement and the Nanpin school","url":"https://jameelcentre.ashmolean.org/collection/7/10235/10290"},"essence":"江戸期の日本で、中国の文人画、画譜、詩から育った絵画の系統。山水、花、書を、重なる筆触と点、余白、題詩の関係で組む。中国の文人画の理念を受け継ぎながら、作り手の身分や地域は多様で、名称の「南」を日本の南部という意味には取らない。","cues":["山と樹木を筆触、点、薄い墨の層で組む","風景と題詩・書が同じ画面へ置かれる","実景と理想の山水が交わる構成","花や山水に見える作者ごとの筆のリズム"],"intents":["静けさ","親密"],"pair":["literati-painting","maruyama-shijo"],"study":["Ike Taiga and Yosa Buson","Chinese painting manuals in Edo-period Japan","The Met — Landscapes in Summer and Winter"],"works":["中国文人画の日本での受容を、画譜と個々の作品から説明するとき","出版や展示で、書と風景、密な筆触と余白の関係を比較するとき"],"recipe":{"type":"題詩と注記を区別し、原文の書を架空の意味や文字へ置き換えない。","layout":"山や樹木のまとまりを墨の層で作り、余白と文字の位置を一緒に決める。","material":"筆の乾湿と点の密度を試し、淡彩を使う場合も墨の骨格を残す。"},"avoid":"墨で描いた風景すべてを南画と呼ばない。中国の文人画と別名で重複させず、日本での受容、作家、交流の文脈を示す。","colors":["#D4C4A2","#4F5950","#788674"],"motif":"landscape","collection":"Dictionary expansion 50","addedAt":"2026-10-05","reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://jameelcentre.ashmolean.org/collection/7/10235/10290","credit":"Ashmolean Museum — The widespread Nanga movement and the Nanpin school","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Ike%20Taiga%20-%20Landscapes%20in%20Summer%20and%20Winter%20-%2064.55.2%20-%20Metropolitan%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Ike%20Taiga%20-%20Landscapes%20in%20Summer%20and%20Winter%20-%2064.55.2%20-%20Metropolitan%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg","credit":"Ike Taiga, Landscapes in Summer and Winter (one of a pair), 18th century — Metropolitan Museum of Art — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Yosa%20Buson%20-%20Autumn%20Landscape%20-%201975.268.97%20-%20Metropolitan%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Yosa%20Buson%20-%20Autumn%20Landscape%20-%201975.268.97%20-%20Metropolitan%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg","credit":"Yosa Buson, Autumn Landscape, 1780 — Metropolitan Museum of Art — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"en":{"essence":"An Edo-period Japanese movement developed through Chinese literati paintings, manuals and poetry. Mountains, flowers and writing are composed through layered strokes, dots and open space. Its practitioners had varied social backgrounds; the name does not mean painting from southern Japan, and its Japanese reception distinguishes it from the broader Chinese literati tradition.","cues":["Mountains and trees built from strokes, dots and washes","Poetry and painting share a surface","Imagined and observed landscapes interact","Individual brush rhythms in flowers and landscapes"],"works":["Explaining the reception of Chinese literati painting in Japan through manuals and works","Comparing writing, landscape, dense brushwork and open space in a publication"],"recipe":{"type":"Distinguish original poetry from editorial notes; do not substitute meaningless invented writing.","layout":"Build groups of mountains or trees in ink layers, arranging writing and open space together.","material":"Test wet and dry strokes and dot density, retaining an ink structure when using light colour."},"avoid":"Not every ink landscape is Nanga. Identify Japanese reception, artists and exchanges rather than duplicating Chinese literati painting under another name."},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nanga","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/nanga","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nanga/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/nanga/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}