{"id":"monotype","name":"Monotype","ja":"モノタイプ","era":"17th century–present","family":"印刷表現","source":{"title":"MoMA — Monotype","url":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/monotype"},"essence":"滑らかな版面へインクや絵具を置き、加えたり拭き取ったりした像を紙へ転写する版画技法。筆の跡、拭いた光、途切れる輪郭が一回の転写へ集まる。通常は一枚の強い刷りを得るが、残ったインクから薄いゴーストを刷ることもある。固定した版の像を反復する版画とは分ける。","cues":["版面で加えたり拭いたりした跡","薄い輪郭と大きな調子のまとまり","筆致と転写の質感の重なり","次の刷りに残る薄いゴースト"],"intents":["親密","遊び"],"pair":["lithography","collagraph"],"study":["Edgar Degas — monotypes","Additive and subtractive plate work","Ghost impressions"],"avoid":"一枚しかない版画すべてをモノタイプとは呼ばない。滑らかな版上の像と、固定した版の像を変奏するモノプリントを区別する。","no":771,"kind":"技法","works":["モノタイプの作例を、近接する版画技法と比較する展示・教材","線、階調、紙の関係を実作品の技法記録から検討する出版"],"recipe":{"type":"作品の文字と後から加える説明を分け、技法・作者・年代を画面外へ整理する。","layout":"加える像と拭き取る光を分けて試し、転写後の反転も確認する。","material":"所蔵館の技法記録と実物の紙・インクを確認し、画面の色だけから材料を決めない。"},"colors":["#E1D5BF","#403B35","#8D8071"],"motif":"print","collection":"Dictionary expansion 51","addedAt":"2026-10-05","reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/monotype","credit":"MoMA — Monotype","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Cafe-Concert%201876-1877%20Edgar%20Degas.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Cafe-Concert%201876-1877%20Edgar%20Degas.jpg","credit":"Edgar Degas, Café-Concert, 1876–77 — pastel over monotype, National Gallery of Art, formerly Corcoran Gallery of Art — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"en":{"essence":"Ink or paint is added to or removed from a smooth plate, then transferred to paper. Brushwork, wiped highlights and interrupted edges combine in a largely unique impression. Residual ink can yield a paler ghost print; this differs from repeatedly printing a fixed matrix image.","cues":["Marks added or wiped on the plate","Broken contours and broad tones","Brushwork combined with transfer texture","Fainter residual ghost impressions"],"avoid":"Not every one-off print is a monotype. Distinguish a smooth painted plate from a fixed matrix varied as a monoprint.","works":["Exhibitions and teaching that compare Monotype with neighbouring print techniques","Publications studying lines, tones and paper through documented works"],"recipe":{"type":"Keep lettering in the work separate from added labels; place medium, artist and date outside the image.","layout":"Test added marks and wiped highlights separately, checking reversal after transfer.","material":"Check the collection medium record and the paper and ink; do not infer materials from screen colour alone."}},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/monotype","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/monotype","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/monotype/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/monotype/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}