{"id":"lithography","no":131,"name":"Lithography","ja":"石版画／リトグラフ","era":"1796–","family":"平版印刷","kind":"技法","collection":"Dictionary expansion 07","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"MoMA — Lithography","url":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/lithography"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.moma.org/collection/terms/lithography","credit":"MoMA — Lithography","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Honor%C3%A9%20Daumier%2C%20Rue%20Transnonain%2C%20le%2015%20avril%201834%2C%201834%2C%20NGA%206133.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Honor%C3%A9%20Daumier%2C%20Rue%20Transnonain%2C%20le%2015%20avril%201834%2C%201834%2C%20NGA%206133.jpg","credit":"ドーミエ『トランスノナン街』1834 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/(Albi)%20Bal%20au%20Moulin%20Rouge%20place%20Blanche%201889%20-%20Jules%20Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:(Albi)%20Bal%20au%20Moulin%20Rouge%20place%20Blanche%201889%20-%20Jules%20Ch%C3%A9ret.jpg","credit":"シェレ『ムーラン・ルージュ舞踏会』1889 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Francisco%20de%20Goya%20-%20The%20Bulls%20of%20Bordeaux-%20Picador%20Caught%20by%20a%20Bull%20-%201951.79%20-%20Cleveland%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Francisco%20de%20Goya%20-%20The%20Bulls%20of%20Bordeaux-%20Picador%20Caught%20by%20a%20Bull%20-%201951.79%20-%20Cleveland%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg","credit":"ゴヤ『ボルドーの闘牛』より〈牛に突かれたピカドール〉1825 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"}]},"essence":"油と水が反発する原理を使い、石や金属板へ描いたクレヨン・墨の筆致を、描画の柔らかさを保ったまま複製する。","cues":["脂性クレヨン","石や金属板","描画的な濃淡","多色の版重ね"],"intents":["親密","高級","懐かしさ"],"works":["鉛筆や木炭の筆致をそのまま複製したい、画集や版画の限定制作","階調の豊かな大判ポスターを、少ない色数で刷り上げたいとき"],"recipe":{"type":"文字も版へ直接描き、活字ではなく手描きの調子で通す","layout":"色ごとの版を重ねる前提で、面と線の役割を版に振り分ける","material":"石か金属板に脂性の描材を使い、水と油の反発で調子を保つ"},"avoid":"鉛筆風テクスチャで済ませず、濃度の管理を怠れば階調が潰れてただのボケた絵になる。水と油、石面、湿し、ローラー、版の重なりが生む線と色を理解する。","colors":["#eadfca","#a24f3e","#373334"],"motif":"print","pair":["plakatstil","etching"],"study":["Alois Senefelder","tusche","Toulouse-Lautrec","offset lithography"],"en":{"essence":"Uses the repulsion of oil and water to reproduce crayon and tusche drawing from stone or plate, keeping all the softness of the hand.","cues":["Greasy crayon","Stone or metal plate","Painterly tone","Multicolor overprinting"],"works":["Limited editions and art books that must keep the touch of crayon and charcoal","Large posters that need rich tone from a small number of colors"],"recipe":{"type":"Draw the lettering onto the stone by hand instead of setting type","layout":"Split areas and lines between plates, planning for colors to overprint","material":"Greasy crayon or tusche on stone, tone held by oil against water"},"avoid":"Pencil texture is not it, and neglecting density control crushes the tone into a merely blurred image. Learn how oil against water, the stone, damping, the roller and overprinted plates shape line and color.","study":["Alois Senefelder","tusche","Toulouse-Lautrec","offset lithography"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/lithography","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/lithography","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/lithography/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/lithography/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}