{"id":"hanafuda","no":337,"name":"Hanafuda","ja":"花札","era":"18th century–","family":"遊戯とゲームの意匠","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 18","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"ニンテンドーミュージアム","url":"https://museum.nintendo.com/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://museum.nintendo.com/","credit":"ニンテンドーミュージアム","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/YUL%20Hanafuda%20playing%20cards%20c.%201870%20-%2001.tif?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:YUL%20Hanafuda%20playing%20cards%20c.%201870%20-%2001.tif","credit":"花札 1870年頃 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Hanafuda%20Koi-Koi%20Setup%201.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Hanafuda%20Koi-Koi%20Setup%201.jpg","credit":"こいこいの場（CC BY 2.0）"}]},"essence":"12ヶ月の花鳥風月を48枚に圧縮した日本のカード。黒地に平面色の大胆な図案化は、禁令をくぐる変形の歴史が生んだ意匠で、任天堂の出発点でもある。","cues":["月ごとの花鳥図案","黒縁と平面色","極端な単純化","短冊と動物の役"],"intents":["遊び","懐かしさ","高揚"],"works":["季節ごとの主題を、少ない色で数十枚の組に展開するとき","手に持つ小さな札に、遠目でも効く図案を載せるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"札の中の文字は最小限にし、役の名は別紙の説明へ逃がす","layout":"黒縁の内側を上下に割り、上に空、下にその月の株を置く","material":"黒と赤と紫と金の平面色。階調を作らず輪郭で語る"},"avoid":"和柄として花だけを散らし、月ごとの組の規則を無視して、揃えて遊べない意匠になる。","colors":["#d0c9bc","#b92b27","#26292c"],"motif":"ephemera","pair":["playing-card","e-sugoroku"],"study":["かるた禁令と変形の歴史","任天堂の花札製造","地方札の意匠差"],"en":{"essence":"Japanese cards that compress twelve months of flowers, birds, wind and moon into 48 sheets. Their bold flat-color stylization against black came out of a long history of redesigning the deck to slip past bans, and it was where Nintendo began.","cues":["Monthly flower-and-bird designs","Black borders, flat color","Extreme simplification","Ribbon and animal combinations"],"works":["Extending a seasonal theme across a set of dozens with very few colors","Small handheld cards whose drawing must still read from across a table"],"recipe":{"type":"Almost no lettering on the card, combination names sent to a rules sheet","layout":"Inside the black border, sky above and the month's plant below","material":"Flat black, red, purple and gold, form carried by contour alone"},"avoid":"Scattering flowers as generic Japanese pattern ignores the monthly sets and produces a deck nobody can actually collect and play with.","study":["the karuta bans and mutations","Nintendo's hanafuda manufacture","regional pattern variants"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/hanafuda","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/hanafuda","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/hanafuda/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/hanafuda/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}