{"id":"halftone","no":584,"name":"Halftone","ja":"ハーフトーン（網点）","era":"1880s–","family":"印刷表現","kind":"技法","collection":"Dictionary expansion 31","addedAt":"2026-08-22","source":{"title":"Library of Congress — Thesaurus for Graphic Materials: Halftones","url":"https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/tgm004832/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/tgm004832/","credit":"Library of Congress — Thesaurus for Graphic Materials: Halftones"},"essence":"連続する濃淡を、同じ間隔で大きさの異なる点へ置き換えて印刷可能にする製版技法。離れて見ると階調に戻り、拡大すると規則的な網点が画像の物質として現れる。","cues":["一定ピッチに並ぶ大小の点","点の面積率で作る明暗","色版ごとに角度を変えたロゼット","拡大部と通常視距離で像が切り替わる"],"intents":["技術","懐かしさ","反骨"],"works":["写真を限られたインクで新聞、雑誌、包装へ印刷するとき","網点そのものを拡大し、複製と印刷の感触を主題にするとき"],"recipe":{"type":"太い文字か単純な輪郭を選び、細部が網点へ崩れても形が残るようにする。","layout":"通常像と拡大した網点を同じ面へ置き、視距離による切替を構成に使う。","material":"線数、点形、版角度、インク色を決め、階調を点の面積へ変換する。"},"avoid":"水玉模様と網点は別物。点の大きさが連続階調を担い、印刷解像度との関係が見えるようにする。","colors":["#F0E9D8","#D94036","#171513"],"motif":"print","pair":["screenprint","dithering"],"study":["AM and FM halftone","screen angle and rosette","photomechanical reproduction"],"en":{"essence":"Halftone converts continuous tone into regularly spaced dots of changing size so it can be printed; from a distance they return to tone, while enlargement reveals the screen as material.","cues":["Large and small dots on one fixed pitch","Light and shade made by dot area","Rosettes from differently angled color screens","An image that changes between normal and magnified viewing"],"works":["Printing photographs in newspapers, magazines and packaging with limited inks","Using enlarged dots to make reproduction and print itself the subject"],"recipe":{"type":"Choose bold type or simple contours that survive conversion into dots.","layout":"Place normal-scale image and enlarged screen together to exploit changes in viewing distance.","material":"Set line frequency, dot shape, screen angle and ink color, then translate tone into dot area."},"avoid":"Polka dots are not halftone. Dot size must carry continuous tone in relation to printing resolution.","study":["AM and FM halftone","Screen angle and rosette","Photomechanical reproduction"]},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}