{"id":"gongbi","no":761,"name":"Gongbi","ja":"工筆画","era":"historical Chinese painting–present","family":"東アジア絵画","kind":"技法","source":{"title":"National Palace Museum — How to Paint Caochong?","url":"https://theme.npm.edu.tw/exh111/Insects/en/page-2.html"},"essence":"中国絵画の、細い輪郭と丁寧な色の重なりで形を描き分ける画法。鳥、植物、人物などの細部を制御し、線と色面の役割をはっきりさせる。工筆は一つの王朝や題材の名称ではなく、写意や輪郭を省く画法と同じ作品の中で組み合わされることもある。","cues":["細く制御された輪郭","羽、葉、衣服などの細部を描き分ける","輪郭の内側に重ねる穏やかな色の層","細密な主題と静かな地の対比"],"intents":["技術","静けさ"],"pair":["xieyi","blue-green-landscape"],"study":["National Palace Museum — gongbi and boneless methods","Palace Museum, Beijing — Huang Quan's birds and insects","Fine outlines and layered colour"],"works":["絵画の展示で、輪郭と色の役割を拡大した作例から伝えるとき","植物や動物の出版で、細部の識別と画面の静けさを両立させるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"名称と解説は画面外の独立した文字面に置き、細部を覆わない。","layout":"主題の姿勢と輪郭を先に定め、細密な部分と地の静かな部分を分ける。","material":"細い線と薄い色の層を別々に試し、輪郭が色で消えない密度へ整える。"},"avoid":"精密なら何でも工筆画ではない。画法と地域の文脈を示し、細密な観察には精神的な表現がないという二分法にしない。","colors":["#DDD1B4","#65735E","#805B45"],"motif":"painting","collection":"Dictionary expansion 50","addedAt":"2026-10-05","reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://theme.npm.edu.tw/exh111/Insects/en/page-2.html","credit":"National Palace Museum — How to Paint Caochong?","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Huang-Quan-Xie-sheng-zhen-qin-tu.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Huang-Quan-Xie-sheng-zhen-qin-tu.jpg","credit":"Attributed to Huang Quan, Sketches of Rare Birds — Palace Museum, Beijing — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"en":{"essence":"A Chinese painting method that articulates forms through controlled fine outlines and carefully layered colour. Details of birds, plants and figures remain distinct, with clear roles for line and colour. It is not confined to one dynasty or subject and can coexist with freer or unoutlined methods in a single painting.","cues":["Fine controlled contours","Distinct details of feathers, leaves or clothing","Gentle layers of colour within outlines","Detailed subjects against a quieter ground"],"works":["Showing the roles of outlines and colour through enlarged artwork details","Balancing identifiable detail and calm composition in plant or animal publications"],"recipe":{"type":"Put names and explanations on a separate text surface without covering details.","layout":"Establish pose and outline first, separating detailed areas from quieter ground.","material":"Test fine lines and thin colour layers separately, keeping contours legible beneath colour."},"avoid":"Precision alone does not make a picture gongbi. Preserve its painting context, and avoid claiming that close observation excludes expressive meaning."},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/gongbi","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/gongbi","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/gongbi/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/gongbi/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}