{"id":"garden-city","no":247,"name":"Garden City","ja":"田園都市","era":"1898–","family":"都市計画","kind":"レイアウト","collection":"Dictionary expansion 12","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"International Garden Cities Institute","url":"http://www.gardencitiesinstitute.com/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"http://www.gardencitiesinstitute.com/","credit":"International Garden Cities Institute","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Howard-three-magnets.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Howard-three-magnets.png","credit":"ハワード「三つの磁石」図 1898"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Garden%20Cities%20of%20Tomorrow%2C%20No.%201.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Garden%20Cities%20of%20Tomorrow%2C%20No.%201.png","credit":"『明日の田園都市』ダイアグラム"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Letchworth%20Garden%20City%20in%20fall%20(Unsplash).jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Letchworth%20Garden%20City%20in%20fall%20(Unsplash).jpg","credit":"レッチワース（CC0）"}]},"essence":"ハワードが図式で提案した、都市と田園の利点を結ぶ計画人口の自足都市。同心円のダイアグラムがレッチワースで実体化し、世界中の郊外・ニュータウン計画の原型になった。","cues":["同心円のダイアグラム","緑地帯による分離","計画人口","職住近接"],"intents":["静けさ","信頼","未来"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"architecture","pair":["arts-and-crafts","international-style"],"study":["エベネザー・ハワード","レッチワースとウェルウィン","日本の田園調布への影響"],"en":{"essence":"Howard's diagrammed proposal for self-contained towns of planned population joining the advantages of town and country. The concentric diagram materialized at Letchworth and became the template for suburbs and new towns worldwide.","cues":["Concentric diagrams","Separation by green belt","Planned population","Work near home"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["Ebenezer Howard","Letchworth and Welwyn","its influence on Den-en-chōfu in Japan"]}}