{"id":"garden-city","no":218,"name":"Garden City","ja":"田園都市","era":"1898–","family":"近現代建築","kind":"レイアウト","collection":"Dictionary expansion 12","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"International Garden Cities Institute","url":"http://www.gardencitiesinstitute.com/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"http://www.gardencitiesinstitute.com/","credit":"International Garden Cities Institute","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Howard-three-magnets.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Howard-three-magnets.png","credit":"ハワード「三つの磁石」図 1898 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"essence":"ハワードが図式で提案した、都市と田園の利点を結ぶ計画人口の自足都市。同心円のダイアグラムがレッチワースで実体化し、世界中の郊外・ニュータウン計画の原型になった。","cues":["同心円のダイアグラム","緑地帯による分離","計画人口","職住近接"],"intents":["静けさ","信頼","未来"],"works":["新しい住宅地や郊外開発の骨格を、緑地と生活圏から先に決めたいとき","職住近接と人口規模を前提にした地域計画の提案図をつくるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"図式は同心円で描き、区域名と人口数を等しい大きさで置く","layout":"中心に公共施設、外周に工場、間を住宅と農地が囲む","material":"緑地帯を建材と同じ重さで扱い、幅と樹種を先に決める"},"avoid":"同心円の絵だけを借りて緑地帯と人口上限を外すと、ただ緑の多い住宅地になり、自足という目的が消える","colors":["#fbfaf7","#8b5543","#20201f"],"motif":"architecture","pair":["arts-and-crafts","international-style"],"study":["エベネザー・ハワード","レッチワースとウェルウィン","日本の田園調布への影響"],"en":{"essence":"Howard's diagrammed proposal for self-contained towns of planned population joining the advantages of town and country. The concentric diagram materialized at Letchworth and became the template for suburbs and new towns worldwide.","cues":["Concentric diagrams","Separation by green belt","Planned population","Work near home"],"works":["Setting the frame of a new residential district from green space first","Proposing regional plans built on jobs near homes and a capped population"],"recipe":{"type":"Draw the scheme as concentric rings, zone names and populations equal in size","layout":"Public buildings at the center, industry outside, housing and farmland between","material":"Treat the green belt as a building material, fixing width and planting first"},"avoid":"Borrowing only the concentric picture while dropping the green belt and the population ceiling leaves a leafy subdivision with no self-sufficiency left.","study":["Ebenezer Howard","Letchworth and Welwyn","its influence on Den-en-chōfu in Japan"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/garden-city","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/garden-city","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/garden-city/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/garden-city/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}