{"id":"flowchart","no":434,"name":"Flowchart","ja":"フローチャート","era":"1921–","family":"図解表現","kind":"レイアウト","collection":"Dictionary expansion 21","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"ASME — American Society of Mechanical Engineers","url":"https://www.asme.org/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.asme.org/","credit":"ASME — American Society of Mechanical Engineers","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Standard%20Symbols%20for%20Process%20Charts%20(1)%2C%201921.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Standard%20Symbols%20for%20Process%20Charts%20(1)%2C%201921.jpg","credit":"ギルブレスのプロセスチャート記号 1921"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Process%20Chart%20for%20Loading%20Rifle%20Grenades%2C1921.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Process%20Chart%20for%20Loading%20Rifle%20Grenades%2C1921.jpg","credit":"工程図 1921"}]},"essence":"ギルブレス夫妻が作業分析のために発明した工程の図法。判断の菱形・処理の長方形という形の文法は、プログラミングを経て「手順を考えること」自体の共通言語になった。","cues":["形による工程の文法","判断の菱形","矢印の流れ","開始と終了の端子"],"intents":["技術","信頼","遊び"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"notation","pair":["circuit-diagram","transit-diagram"],"study":["ギルブレス夫妻のASME発表 1921","ISO 5807","ソフトウェア設計での盛衰"],"en":{"essence":"The process drawing the Gilbreths invented for work analysis. The grammar of shapes — diamond for decision, rectangle for process — passed through programming to become the common language of thinking in steps.","cues":["A grammar of shapes","The decision diamond","Arrows of flow","Start and end terminals"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["the Gilbreths' ASME paper, 1921","ISO 5807","its rise and fall in software design"]}}