{"id":"ex-voto","no":314,"name":"Ex-Voto (Retablo)","ja":"エクスボート（奉納画）","era":"18th century–","family":"民衆絵画","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 15","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Museum of International Folk Art","url":"https://www.internationalfolkart.org/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.internationalfolkart.org/","credit":"Museum of International Folk Art","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201887.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201887.jpg","credit":"奉納画 1887"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201935.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201935.jpg","credit":"奉納画 1935"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VotivePaintingsEncarnacion.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VotivePaintingsEncarnacion.jpg","credit":"教会の奉納画の壁（CC BY-SA 3.0）"}]},"essence":"メキシコの奉納画。危機を救われた感謝をブリキ板に描き、事件の場面・聖像・手書きの証言文を一枚に同居させる。素朴な筆致の切実さがカーロら近代画家を魅了した。","cues":["ブリキ板の小画面","場面・聖像・証言文の三層","素朴な遠近法","事故と奇跡の記録"],"intents":["親密","信頼","懐かしさ"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"world","pair":["posada-calavera","naive"],"study":["フリーダ・カーロの収集","証言文のレタリング","現代のレタブロ作家"],"en":{"essence":"Mexico's votive paintings: thanks for deliverance painted on tin, scene of peril, holy image and handwritten testimony sharing one small sheet — an earnestness of untrained brushwork that captivated Kahlo and the moderns.","cues":["Small tin panels","Scene, image and testimony in three layers","Naive perspective","Records of accident and miracle"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["Frida Kahlo's collection","the lettering of testimonies","retablo painters today"]}}