{"id":"ex-voto","no":284,"name":"Ex-Voto (Retablo)","ja":"エクスボート（奉納画）","era":"18th century–","family":"民衆絵画","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 15","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Museum of International Folk Art","url":"https://www.internationalfolkart.org/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.internationalfolkart.org/","credit":"Museum of International Folk Art","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201887.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201887.jpg","credit":"奉納画 1887 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201935.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Our%20Lady%20of%20San%20Juan%20de%20los%20Lagos%20votive%201935.jpg","credit":"奉納画 1935 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/VotivePaintingsEncarnacion.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:VotivePaintingsEncarnacion.jpg","credit":"教会の奉納画の壁（CC BY-SA 3.0）"}]},"essence":"メキシコの奉納画。危機を救われた感謝をブリキ板に描き、事件の場面・聖像・手書きの証言文を一枚に同居させる。素朴な筆致の切実さがカーロら近代画家を魅了した。","cues":["ブリキ板の小画面","場面・聖像・証言文の三層","素朴な遠近法","事故と奇跡の記録"],"intents":["親密","信頼","懐かしさ"],"works":["個人の体験談を、証言文と絵を同じ面に置いて伝えるとき","感謝や報告を、小さな板に一件ずつ記録して並べるとき"],"recipe":{"type":"証言文を画面の下端に手書きで詰め、日付と名を最後に添える","layout":"上に聖像、中に事件の場面、下に文章という三層で割る","material":"小さなブリキ板に油彩で、遠近を合わせず必要な物を大きく描く"},"avoid":"素朴な絵柄だけ真似て証言文を省くと、誰の何の出来事か分からず、奉納という核が抜ける","colors":["#d9d6cb","#a18784","#2f1f17"],"motif":"world","pair":["posada-calavera","naive"],"study":["フリーダ・カーロの収集","証言文のレタリング","現代のレタブロ作家"],"en":{"essence":"Mexico's votive paintings give thanks for deliverance from disaster. Painted on tin, they hold the scene of the crisis, a holy image and a handwritten testimony on one small sheet, and the urgency of the untrained brush drew Kahlo and other modern painters to them.","cues":["Small tin panels","Scene, image and testimony in three layers","Naive perspective","Records of accident and miracle"],"works":["Personal testimony told with the words and the picture on one surface","Recording thanks one incident at a time on small panels"],"recipe":{"type":"Handwritten testimony packed along the bottom, name and date last","layout":"Divide into three, the holy image above, the incident between, the words below","material":"Oil on small tin, drawing what matters large and ignoring perspective"},"avoid":"Copying the naive picture and dropping the testimony leaves no one's incident on the panel, and the votive act itself goes missing.","study":["Frida Kahlo's collection","the lettering of testimonies","retablo painters today"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/ex-voto","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/ex-voto","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/ex-voto/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/ex-voto/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}