{"id":"chronophotography","no":96,"name":"Chronophotography","ja":"連続写真／クロノフォトグラフィ","era":"1870s–1890s","family":"写真技法","kind":"技法","collection":"Dictionary expansion 05","addedAt":"2026-08-17","source":{"title":"Britannica — Chronophotography","url":"https://www.britannica.com/technology/chronophotography"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://www.britannica.com/technology/chronophotography","credit":"Britannica — Chronophotography","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Muybridge%20horse%20gallop%20animated%202.gif?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Muybridge%20horse%20gallop%20animated%202.gif","credit":"マイブリッジ 馬の疾走の連続写真 1878 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89tienne%20Jules%20Marey%2C%20Chronophotograph%20of%20a%20Man%20on%20a%20Bicycle%2C%20c.%201885-1890%2C%20NGA%20125658.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%C3%89tienne%20Jules%20Marey%2C%20Chronophotograph%20of%20a%20Man%20on%20a%20Bicycle%2C%20c.%201885-1890%2C%20NGA%20125658.jpg","credit":"マレー 自転車の連続写真 1885–90頃 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/%C3%89tienne-Jules%20Marey%20-%20Chronophotograph%20of%20a%20Flying%20Heron%20-%202009.349%20-%20Cleveland%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:%C3%89tienne-Jules%20Marey%20-%20Chronophotograph%20of%20a%20Flying%20Heron%20-%202009.349%20-%20Cleveland%20Museum%20of%20Art.jpg","credit":"マレー 飛翔する鷺の連続写真 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"}]},"essence":"運動を連続する瞬間へ分解し、一枚または一連の写真に時間の構造を可視化する。","cues":["多重露光","連続する身体","等間隔","運動解析"],"intents":["技術","高揚","未来"],"works":["動作の手順や癖を、時間を追って比較したい分析のとき","運動の軌跡を一枚に収め、速度の差を見せたいとき"],"recipe":{"type":"各相に番号を振り、間隔の値を画面の外へ一定の書式で記す","layout":"背景を暗く一色にし、動きの方向に沿って等間隔で像を並べる","material":"多重露光、固定したカメラ、一定の間隔。被写体に白い標点を付ける"},"avoid":"間隔を揃えずに重ねると速度が読めなくなり、動きの分析ではなく像が重なっただけの絵になる","colors":["#e1ddd3","#77736c","#20201e"],"motif":"motion","pair":["saul-bass-title","italian-futurism"],"study":["Étienne-Jules Marey","Eadweard Muybridge","motion studies"],"en":{"essence":"Decomposes movement into successive instants, making the structure of time visible in one or a series of photographs.","cues":["Multiple exposure","Sequential bodies","Equal intervals","Motion analysis"],"works":["Analysis that compares a movement step by step over time","Holding a trajectory in one frame to show differences in speed"],"recipe":{"type":"Number each phase and note the interval outside the frame in one format","layout":"Dark plain ground with images spaced evenly along the direction of travel","material":"Multiple exposure, fixed camera, constant interval, white markers on the body"},"avoid":"Overlapping exposures at uneven intervals makes speed unreadable, and the picture stops analysing movement and becomes a pile of overlaid figures.","study":["Étienne-Jules Marey","Eadweard Muybridge","motion studies"]},"links":{"page":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/chronophotography","json":"https://indexstyle.org/api/styles/chronophotography","designSpec":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/chronophotography/design.md","imagePrompt":"https://indexstyle.org/styles/chronophotography/prompt.txt"},"usage":{"license":"CC-BY-4.0","licenseName":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International","licenseUrl":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","attribution":"IndexStyle — https://indexstyle.org","attributionUrl":"https://indexstyle.org","scope":"Original IndexStyle text and structured data. Reference images, quoted works, and third-party material are excluded and retain their own rights."}}