{"id":"chromolithography","no":507,"name":"Chromolithography","ja":"多色石版","era":"1830s–1930s","family":"平版印刷","kind":"技法","collection":"Dictionary expansion 25","addedAt":"2026-08-19","source":{"title":"Wikipedia — Chromolithography","url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolithography"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chromolithography","credit":"Wikipedia — Chromolithography","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Liebig%20card%20-%20A%20Neapolitan%20woman%20with%20oranges.jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Liebig%20card%20-%20A%20Neapolitan%20woman%20with%20oranges.jpg","credit":"リービッヒ社のトレーディングカード《ナポリの女》19世紀 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/1878%20Clarks%20Prang.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:1878%20Clarks%20Prang.png","credit":"ルイ・プラング社《Clark's O.N.T. Spool Cotton 広告カード》1878年 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Calliope%20-%20The%20Wonderful%20Operonicon%20(1874).jpg?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Calliope%20-%20The%20Wonderful%20Operonicon%20(1874).jpg","credit":"ギブソン社《Calliope, the Wonderful Operonicon》興行ポスター 1874年 — Wikimedia Commons / Public domain"}]},"essence":"色ごとに石版を用意し、正確な見当合わせで重ねる多色印刷。十数版を重ねて油彩のような発色を出し、複製画・ラベル・ポスター・カードを大量に世へ送り出した。色刷りの大衆化はここから始まる。","cues":["十数版を重ねた濃厚な発色","版ごとの見当のわずかなずれ","平坦なベタと点描の併用","縁飾りと金の併用"],"intents":["高揚","高級","懐かしさ"],"works":["色数の多さそのものを豊かさの記号として使う","印刷工程の履歴を画面に残す"],"recipe":{"type":"装飾的な見出し書体を、縁飾りと同じ密度で扱う","layout":"画面を縁で囲い、中央に主図を据える","material":"版を重ねた厚い色と、要所の金を併用する"},"avoid":"色を増やせば豊かになるわけではない。版の順序と見当が仕上がりを決める。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"graphic","pair":["lithography","victorian-ornament"],"study":["版数と見当合わせの工程","石版から金属版への移行","月份牌や商業ラベルへの波及"],"en":{"essence":"Multicolor printing in which a separate lithographic stone is prepared for each color and the stones are overlaid in exact register. A dozen or more stones built up an intensity like oil paint and sent reproductions, labels, posters and cards into the world in quantity. The popularization of color printing begins here.","cues":["Dense color built from a dozen or more stones","Slight misregister between the stones","Flat solids used together with stipple","Border ornament used together with gold"],"works":["Using the sheer number of colors as a sign of richness","Leaving the history of the printing process visible"],"recipe":{"type":"Treat the decorative display face at the same density as the border ornament.","layout":"Enclose the sheet in a border and set the main image at the center.","material":"Combine thick color from overlaid stones with gold at key points."},"avoid":"More colors do not make it richer. The order of the stones and the register decide the result.","study":["The number of stones and the process of registration","The move from stone to metal plates","Its spread into yuefenpai and commercial labels"]}}