{"id":"carte-de-visite","no":391,"name":"Carte de Visite","ja":"名刺判写真","era":"1854–1900s","family":"写真と出版","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 19","addedAt":"2026-08-18","source":{"title":"Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery","url":"https://npg.si.edu/"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://npg.si.edu/","credit":"Smithsonian National Portrait Gallery","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Sir%20George%20Markham%20Giffard%2C%20albumen%20carte-de-visite%2C%201860s%20(by%20Disd%C3%A9ri%3B%20NPG%20Ax39726).png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Sir%20George%20Markham%20Giffard%2C%20albumen%20carte-de-visite%2C%201860s%20(by%20Disd%C3%A9ri%3B%20NPG%20Ax39726).png","credit":"ディスデリの名刺判写真 1860年代"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Rosa%20Bonheur%20by%20Disderi%20c1858.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Rosa%20Bonheur%20by%20Disderi%20c1858.png","credit":"ローザ・ボヌール 1858頃"}]},"essence":"ディスデリが特許化した名刺サイズの量産肖像。一枚のガラス板に8ポーズを焼き付ける経済が肖像を民主化し、著名人カードの収集とアルバム文化——「共有される顔」の原点をつくった。","cues":["名刺サイズの台紙","全身立像とスタジオ書割","裏面の写真館ロゴ","アルバム収集の文化"],"intents":["親密","懐かしさ","信頼"],"works":["一次資料と代表作から成立条件を比較する","別媒体へ応用できる構成原理を取り出す"],"recipe":{"type":"参照作品の文字・記号・スケールを観察する","layout":"視線と情報を支配する構造を一つ抽出する","material":"時代・地域・制作工程に固有の素材と挙動を確認する"},"avoid":"表面的な記号へ還元せず、時代・地域・技術・制作主体の文脈を確認する。","colors":["#e9e6dd","#67635d","#171615"],"motif":"photo","pair":["daguerreotype","stereograph"],"study":["ディスデリの特許","セレブリティカードの流通","SNSアイコンへの系譜"],"en":{"essence":"Disdéri's patented card-sized portrait: eight poses on one plate democratized portraiture, and celebrity cards and album culture created the shared face — the ancestor of the profile picture.","cues":["Card-sized mounts","Full-length studio poses","The studio's logo on the back","Album collecting"],"works":["Comparing primary sources and canonical works","Extracting principles that transfer to other media"],"recipe":{"type":"Observe the letters, signs and scale of reference works","layout":"Extract the one structure that governs gaze and information","material":"Verify the materials and behaviors specific to era, region and process"},"avoid":"Don't reduce it to surface signs. Verify the context of era, region, technology and makers.","study":["Disdéri's patent","the celebrity card trade","the lineage to social avatars"]}}