{"id":"apple-desktop-interface","no":511,"name":"Apple Desktop Interface","ja":"アップル・デスクトップ・インターフェース","era":"1984–1997","family":"Apple UI","kind":"スタイル","collection":"Dictionary expansion 26","addedAt":"2026-08-19","source":{"title":"Internet Archive — Apple Computer, Inc., \"Apple Human Interface Guidelines: The Apple Desktop Interface\" (Addison-Wesley, 1987)","url":"https://archive.org/details/applehumaninterf00appl"},"reference":{"status":"verified","pageUrl":"https://archive.org/details/applehumaninterf00appl","credit":"Internet Archive — Apple Computer, Inc., \"Apple Human Interface Guidelines: The Apple Desktop Interface\" (Addison-Wesley, 1987)","gallery":[{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/System%203.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:System%203.png","credit":"Macintosh System 3 の画面 1986 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/MultiFinder.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:MultiFinder.png","credit":"Macintosh System 4.2 の MultiFinder 1987 — Wikimedia Commons / CC0"},{"imageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Office%202.5%20for%20mac.png?width=640","pageUrl":"https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Office%202.5%20for%20mac.png","credit":"Microsoft《Office 2.5.1 for Macintosh》の画面 — Wikimedia Commons / CC BY-SA 4.0"}]},"essence":"Appleが1987年刊のガイドライン書で自ら「The Apple Desktop Interface」と名付けた初代Macintosh系の画面言語。白黒1ビットの制約下で、網点の中間調、角の丸い窓、横線を重ねたタイトルバー、太いビットマップ書体という型を明文化した。","cues":["白と黒の2値しかなく、灰色は市松状に置いた黒い点で作る","窓の四隅が丸く、タイトルバーに細い横線が何本も走る","画面の最上部にメニューバーが固定され、その左端にアップルのマークが座る","Chicagoの太いビットマップ文字が、9×7ドットの枠に押し込まれている"],"intents":["信頼","技術","懐かしさ"],"works":["初代Macintosh期の画面を、いまのディスプレイ用に描き起こして展示や記事に載せるとき","電子ペーパー端末やレシート印字など、2値しか出せない装置の画面を設計するとき"],"recipe":{"type":"太いビットマップのサンセリフを使い、文字は整数ピクセルの位置にだけ置く。アンチエイリアスをかけず、見出しと本文の差は太さでなく字の大きさで付ける。","layout":"画面の最上部を横一杯のメニューバーが占め、その下が作業面になる。窓は角丸の矩形で自由に重ね、余白はピクセルの整数で刻む。","material":"黒と白だけを使い、中間の明るさは市松や斜線の網点で作る。ぼかした影とグラデーションを禁じ、境界は1ピクセルの黒線で引く。"},"avoid":"ビットマップ書体を整数倍以外に拡大したりアンチエイリアスをかけたりすると輪郭がぼやけ、点を一つずつ置いた密度というこの様式の核が消える。","colors":["#000000","#FFFFFF","#7F7F7F"],"motif":"graphic","pair":["aqua","pixel-art"],"study":["1987年のApple Human Interface Guidelines本体（Internet Archiveに現物がある）","Susan Kareが方眼紙に鉛筆で描いたアイコン原図（MoMA所蔵のスケッチブック）","System 1からSystem 7までの画面写真を並べ、網点の使い方がどう変わったか見る"],"en":{"essence":"This is the design language Apple named itself, in the 1987 guidelines book whose subtitle reads The Apple Desktop Interface. Working with one bit of black and white, it wrote down a house style: halftone dot patterns standing in for gray, rounded window corners, a title bar of stacked horizontal rules, and a heavy bitmap face.","cues":["Two tones only, black and white, with gray faked by a checkerboard of black dots","Window corners are rounded and the title bar carries several thin horizontal rules","A menu bar pinned to the top edge of the screen, the Apple mark sitting at its left end","Chicago, a heavy bitmap face whose letters are packed into a cell of 9 by 7 dots"],"works":["Redrawing early Macintosh screens for an exhibition panel or an article on a modern display","Designing for a device that can only print or light two tones, such as e paper or a receipt printer"],"recipe":{"type":"A heavy bitmap sans, letters placed only on whole pixel positions, no anti aliasing; headings differ from body text by size rather than weight.","layout":"A full width menu bar owns the top edge and everything below it is the work surface; rounded rectangular windows overlap freely and margins step in whole pixels.","material":"Black and white alone; middle values come from checkerboard or diagonal dot patterns, soft shadows and gradients are out, and every boundary is a one pixel black rule."},"avoid":"Scaling the bitmap face by anything other than a whole number, or letting it anti alias, blurs the letterforms and erases the placed-by-hand dot density the style lives on.","study":["1987年のApple Human Interface Guidelines本体（Internet Archiveに現物がある）","Susan Kareが方眼紙に鉛筆で描いたアイコン原図（MoMA所蔵のスケッチブック）","System 1からSystem 7までの画面写真を並べ、網点の使い方がどう変わったか見る"]}}